"Learning how to learn is a process in which we all engage throughout our lives, although often we do not realise that we are, in fact, learning how to learn. Most of the time we concentrate on what we are learning rather than how we are learning it"

Fuente.- Open Univ, Curso online 'Learning How To Learn'

Active learning

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem-based_learning

One of the aims of PBL is the development of self-directed learning (SDL) skills.

In Loyens, Magda & Rikers' discussion, SDL is defined as "a process in which individuals take the initiative…in diagnosing their learning needs, formulating goals, identifying human and material resources, choosing and implementing appropriate learning strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes."^[44]

By being invited into the learning process, students are also invited to take responsibility for their learning, which leads to an increase in self-directed learning skills.

Wikipedia...

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogy in which students learn about a subject through the experience of creating a problem. Students learn both thinking strategies and domain knowledge. The PBL format originated from the medical school of thought, and is now used in other schools of thought too. It was developed at the McMaster University Medical School in Canada in the 1960s and has since spread around the world. The goals of PBL are to help the students develop flexible knowledge, effective problem solving skills, self-directed learning, effective collaboration skills and intrinsic motivation.^[1] Problem-based learning is a style of active learning.

Working in groups, students identify what they already know, what they need to know, and how and where to access new information that may lead to the resolution of the problem.^[2] which is more often lecture-based The role of the instructor (known as the tutor in PBL) is to facilitate learning by supporting, guiding, and monitoring the learning process.^[3] The tutor must build students' confidence to take on the problem, and encourage the students, while also stretching their understanding. PBL represents a paradigm shift from traditional teaching and learning philosophy,^[4] which is more often lecture-based. The constructs for teaching PBL are very different from traditional classroom/lecture teaching.

"Individual learning is defined as the capacity to build knowledge through individual reflection about external stimuli and sources, and through the personal re-elaboration of individual knowledge and experience in light of interaction with others and the environment"

"El aprendizaje individual se define como la capacidad de construir conocimiento a través de la reflexión individual sobre  estímulos y fuentes externas, y por medio de la re-elaboración personal de los conocimientos y la experiencia individual, a la luz de la interacción con los demás y con el entorno"

Fuente: INDIVIDUAL LEARNING (sribd, por bishnuchettri)